Do You Need State Licensing If You’re an SEC Registered Investment Adviser?

With Dodd-Frank's elimination of the 15 client exemption, thousands (my guess) of private fund managers will need to register with the Securities and Exchange Commission as investment advisers to their funds. For alternative investment funds, like real estate, you'll need to look at whether you are giving advice regarding securities.

If you have less than $100 million you will be in the state registration system and may need to have individuals licensed with the state. If you have over $100 million, you be registering with SEC. The deadline is July 21, 2011.

That leaves the question of whether you need a state license for the firm or individuals in the firm, like the Series 65.

One benefit of SEC registration is that the Investment Advisers Act preempts some state licensing for private fund management companies. Section 203(A)(b) prohibits the states from licensing an investment adviser registered with the SEC (or exempt from definition of Section 202(a)(11)).

The exception is that a state may require licensing for an "investment adviser representative" who has a place of business in that state. For a private fund manager, you need to determine if any of the management company employees fit into the definition in Rule 203A-3.

"(a)(1) "Investment adviser representative" of an investment adviser means a supervised person of the investment adviser:

i. Who has more than five clients who are natural persons (other than excepted persons described in paragraph (a)(3)(i) of this section); and

ii. More than ten percent of whose clients are natural persons (other than excepted persons described in paragraph (a)(3)(i) of this section)."

For a private fund manager, the key part of the definition is whether they have any clients who are natural persons. The manager's funds are the clients and those funds are not natural persons. Employees of the fund manager should fall outside the definition of "investment adviser representative" and therefore not need a license.

Sources:

• Investment Adviser Act Section 203(A)(b)
• SEC Investment Adviser Act Rule 203A-3
• Is a Fund Manager an Investment Adviser? - prior post in Compliance Building
• What is a Security? Is Real Estate a Security? - prior post in Compliance Building

For additional commentary on developments in compliance and ethics, visit Compliance Building, a blog hosted by Doug Cornelius.