Family Law in Action: A Reader, 1999

Introduction xxi

I. The Sociology, Economics, and History of the Family 1

A. The Sociology of the Family 2

Norval D. Glenn, Values, Attitudes, and the State of American Marriage in PROMISES TO KEEP: DECLINE AND RENEWAL OF MARRIAGE IN AMERICA, David Popenoe, Jean Bethke Elshtain, and David Blankenhorn, eds. (Rowman & Littlefield, 1996) 11

Janet Z. Giele, Decline of the Family: Conservative, Liberal, and Feminist Views in PROMISES TO KEEP: DECLINE AND RENEWAL OF MARRIAGE IN AMERICA, David Popenoe, Jean Bethke Elshtain, and David Blankenhorn, eds. (Rowman & Littlefield, 1996) 19

B. The Economics of the Family 34

Ann Laquer Estin, Love and Obligation: Family Law and the Romance of Economics, 36 William & Mary Law Review 989 (Winter 1995) 34

C. The History of the Family 45

Lee E. Teitelbaum, Family History and Family Law, 1985 Wisconsin Law Review 1135 45

D. A Comparative View of the Family 61

Robert Levine, Suguru Sato, Tsukasa Hashimoto & Jyoti Verma, Love and Marriage in Eleven Cultures, 26 Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 554 (September 1995). 61

II. The Formation and Structure of the Family 67

A. Going Courting 69

Margaret F. Brinig, Rings and Promises, 6 Journal of Law, Economics and Organization 203 (1990) 69

B. What Do Couples Know When They Marry? 73

Lynn A. Baker & Robert E. Emery, When Every Relationship Is Above Average: Perceptions and Expectations of Divorce at the Time of Marriage, 17 Law and Human Behavior 439 (1993) 73

C. What Kind of Family Is It? Husbands and Wives 79

Irwin Altman, Polygamous Family Life: The Case of Contemporary Mormon Fundamentalists, 1996 Utah Law Review 367 79

Larry L. Bumpass & James A. Sweet, National Estimates of Cohabitation, 26 Demography 615 (1989) 85

Stephen O. Murray, AMERICAN GAY, 169 (University of Chicago Press, 1996) 92

D. What Kind of Family Is It? Parents and Children 97

Sara McLanahan & Irwin Garfinkel, Single Mothers, The Underclass, and Social Policy, 501 Annals of the American Academy of Political & Social Science 92 (1989) 98

Kathy S. Stolley, Statistics on Adoption in the United States, ADOPTION, 3 THE FUTURE OF CHILDREN 25 (1993) 105

Elisabeth M. Landes & Richard A. Posner, The Economics of the Baby Shortage, 7 Journal of Legal Studies 323 (1978) 109

Maureen A. Sweeney, Between Sorry and Happy Endings: A New Paradigm of Adoption, 2 Yale Journal of Law and Feminism 329 (1990) 111

E. Mavis Hetherington, Margaret Bridges & Glendessa M. Insabella, What Matters? What Does Not? Five Perspectives On the Association Between Marital Transitions and Children's Adjustment, 53(2) American Psychologist 167 (1998) 116

III. Decisions in the Family 135

A. Economic Decisions 135

Cathleen D. Zick & Jane L. McCullough, Trends in Married Couples' Time Use: Evidence from 1977-78 and 1987-88, 24 Sex Roles 459 (1991) 136

Shelly Lundberg & Robert A. Pollak, Bargaining and Distribution in Marriage, 10 Journalis of Community Associations: In Search of the Appropriate Analogy, 27 Real Prop. Prob. & Tr. J. 589 (1993) 139

B. Medical Decisions 148

Ethel Shanas, Social Myth as Hypothesis: The Case of the Family Relations of Old People, 19 Gerontologist 3 (1979) 148

Dallas M. High & Howard B. Turner, Surrogate Decision-Making: The Elderly's Familial Expectations, 8 Theoretical Medicine 303 (1987) 153

Carl E. Schneider, THE PRACTICE OF AUTONOMY: PATIENTS, DOCTORS, AND MEDICAL DECISIONS (Oxford University Press, 1998) 157

IV. A Way to Hell: Violence Within the Family 161

A. Spouse Abuse 163

Jeffrey Fagan & Angela Browne, Violence Between Spouses and Intimates: Physical Aggression Between Women and Men in Intimate Relationships, in 3 UNDERSTANDING AND PREVENTING VIOLENCE 115 (Albert J. Reiss, Jr. & Jeffrey A. Roth, eds. 1994). 163

Jeffrey Fagan & Angela Browne, Violence Between Spouses and Intimates: Physical Aggression Between Women and Men in Intimate Relationships, in 3 UNDERSTANDING AND PREVENTING VIOLENCE 115 (Albert J. Reiss, Jr. & Jeffrey A. Roth, eds. 1994). 179

B. Child Abuse 188

James Garbarino, The Incidence and Prevalence of Child Maltreatment, in FAMILY VIOLENCE, Lloyd Ohlin & Michael Tonry, eds. (University of Chicago Press, 1989) 189

Frederick Crews, The Revenge of the Repressed, The New York Review of Books 54 (November 17, 1994) 201

Michael S. Wald, J. M. Carlsmith & P. H. Leiderman, PROTECTING ABUSED AND NEGLECTED CHILDREN 181 (Stanford University Press, 1988) 212

V. Breaking Up is Hard to Do: Ending the Marriage 219

A. Patterns of Marriage and Divorce 219

Frank F. Furstenberg, Jr., History and Current Status of Divorce in the United States, The Future of Children, 4 Children and Divorce 29 (Summer/Fall 1994) 220

Paul R. Amato, Explaining the Intergenerational Transmission of Divorce, 58 Journal of Marriage and the Family 628 (1996) 227

B. The Divorce Process 235

Austin Sarat & William L.F. Felstiner, Law and Strategy in the Divorce Lawyer's Office, 20 Law & Society Review 93 (1986) 235

Marygold S. Melli, Howard S. Erlanger & Elizabeth Chambliss, The Process of Negotiation: An Exploratory Investigation in the Context of No-Fault Divorce, 40 Rutgers Law Review 1133 (1988) 244

Craig A. McEwen, Lynn Mather & Richard J. Maiman, Lawyers, Mediation, and the Management of Divorce Practice, 28 Law & Society Review 149 (1994) 256

C. Handling Nonlegal and Legal Issues 265

Marsha Garrison, How Do Judges Decide Divorce Cases? An Empirical Analysis of Discretionary Decision Making, 74 North Carolina Law Review 401 (1996) 265

VI. She Got the Goldmine and I Got the Shaft: The Economics of Marital Dissolution 293

A. The Economics of Husband and Wife 293

Diane Galarneau & Jim Sturrock, Family Income After Separation, 9 Perspectives on Labour and Income 18 (1997) 294

B. The Economics of Parents and Children 301

John N. Langbein, The Twentieth-Century Revolution in Family Wealth Transmission, 86 Michigan Law Review 722 (1988) 301

Andrea H. Beller & John W. Graham, SMALL CHANGE: THE ECONOMICS OF CHILD SUPPORT 82 (Yale Univ. Press, 1993) 315

Richard Lempert, Organizing for Deterrence: Lessons from a Study of Child Support, 16 Law and Society Review 513 (1981-82) 326

VII. An Understanding Heart: Child Custody Decisions 341

David L. Chambers, Rethinking the Substantive Rules for Custody Disputes in Divorce, 83 Michigan Law Review 477 (1984) 345

Lee E. Teitelbaum, Divorce, Custody, Gender, and The Limits of Law: On Dividing the Child, 92 Michigan Law Review 1808 (1994) 359

Catherine R. Albiston, Eleanor E. Maccoby & Robert H. Mnookin, Does Joint Legal Custody Matter?, 2 Stanford Law & Policy Review 167 (Spring 1990) 369

VIII. The Family and Family Law 379

A. Changing Cultural and Legal Understandings of the Family 379

Carl E. Schneider, Moral Discourse and the Transformation of American Family Law, 83 Michigan Law Review 1803 (1985) 379

Lee E. Teitelbaum, The Family as a System: A Preliminary Sketch, 1996 Utah Law Review 537 389

Margaret F. Brinig, Book Review, Status, Contract and Covenant, 79 Cornell Law Review 1573 (September 1994) 401

B. The Functions of Family Law 406

Carl E. Schneider, The Channelling Function in Family Law, 20 Hofstra Law Review 495 (Spring 1992) 406

Carol Weisbrod, On the Expressive Functions of Family Law, 22 University of California at Davis Law Review 991 (1990) 415

C. The Effectiveness of Family Law 422

Carl E. Schneider, Lawyers and Children: Wisdom and Legitimacy in Family Policy, 84 Michigan Law Review 919 (1986) 422

Margaret F. Brinig

Lee E. Teitelbaum

Carl E. Schneider