Chapter One--The Role of the
Judicial Clerk or Extern
A. Judicial Clerks 2
B. Historical Development 3
Foreword--Law Clerks: For Better or Worse?, J.
Daniel Mahoney, 54 Brook. L. Rev. 321 (1988) 3
Notes 5
C. Qualifications and Selection 6
Clerkships 6
Notes 6
D. Responsibilities 8
Foreword--Law Clerks: For Better or Worse?, J.
Daniel Mahoney, 54 Brook. L. Rev. 321 (1988) 8
Notes 9
E. Ethical Considerations 10
1. Confidentiality of Chambers 11
Some Ethical Considerations for Judicial Clerks,
John Paul Jones, 4 Geo. J. Legal Ethics 771 (1991) 11
Notes 12
a. Public Comment on Court Proceedings 13
Model Code of Judicial Conduct, Canon 3B(9) (1990) 13
Code of Conduct for Judicial Employees (1995) 13
In re Corrugated Container Antitrust Litigation,
614 F.2d 958 (5th Cir. 1980) 13
Note 14
b. Judicial Privilege 15
In re Certain Complaints Under Investigation by an
Investigating Committee of the Judicial Council of the
Eleventh Circuit, 783 F.2d 1488 (11th Cir. 1986) 15
Notes 18
2. Conflict of Interests 19
a. Employment and Family Relations 19
Some Ethical Considerations for Judicial Clerks,
John Paul Jones, 4 Geo. J. Legal Ethics 771 (1991) 19
Deyling v. Flowers, No. 39345 (8th Dist.),
1979 Ohio App. LEXIS 12242 22
Notes 25
Oliva v. Heller, 839 F.2d 37 (2d Cir. 1988)
25
Notes 28
Simonson v. General Motors Corporation, 425
F. Supp. 574 (E.D. Pa. 1976) 28
Notes 33
b. Former Clerks and Externs as Counsel 34
Fredonia Broadcasting Corp., Inc. v. RCA Corp.,
569 F.2d 251 (5th Cir. 1978) 34
Smith v. Pepsico, Inc., 434 F. Supp. 524
(S.D. Fla. 1977) 35
Notes 37
3. Decisionmaking on the Record 38
Some Ethical Considerations for Judicial Clerks,
John Paul Jones, 4 Geo. J. Legal Ethics 771 (1991) 38
Price Brothers Company v. Philadelphia Gear
Corporation, 649 F.2d 416 (6th Cir. 1981) 40
Note 43
Exercise 43
Selected Bibliography 44
Appendix 46
A. The Clerk or Extern's Court within the Federal or State
System 46
Structure of the Ohio Judicial System--1996 47
B. The Work of the Trial Court and the Appellate Court 49
Chapter Two--Crowded Courts:
Limiting and Delegating Judicial Tasks
A. The Perceived "Litigation Explosion" 51
The Rising Work Load and Perceived
"Bureaucracy" of the Federal Courts: A
Causation-Based Approach to the Search for Appropriate
Remedies, Harry T. Edwards, 68 Iowa L. Rev. 871 (1983)
52
Notes 60
B. The Big Case 62
In re Boise Cascade Securities Litigation, 420 F.
Supp 99 (W.D. Wash. 1976) 62
Notes 68
C. Responses to the "Litigation Explosion" 70
1. More Courts, More Judges 70
2. Doctrinal Decisions 70
Tidewater Oil Co. v. United States, 409 U.S.
151 (1972) 70
3. Screening or Summary Disposition Procedures 75
Jones v. Superintendent, Virginia State Farm,
465 F.2d 1091 (4th Cir. 1972) 75
Notes 80
4. Limiting Opinion Publication 80
Federal Judicial Center Model Rule for Publication
(1973) 80
Note 81
National Labor Relations Board v. Amalgamated
Clothing Workers of America, 430 F.2d 966 (5th Cir.
1970) 81
Notes 84
5. Reducing Oral Arguments 85
United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
Rule 34(a)--Oral Argument; Pre-Argument Review and
Summary Disposition of Appeals; Statement Regarding the
Need for Oral Argument 85
Notes 86
6. Delegating Tasks 86
a. To Judicial Clerks 86
Foreword--Law Clerks: For Better or Worse?,
J. Daniel Mahoney, 54 Brook. L. Rev. 321 (1988) 86
b. To Federal Court Magistrates and State Court Masters 88
Exercises 89
Selected Bibliography 90
Chapter Three--Judicial Opinions:
Decisionmaking and Opinion Drafting
A. Overview 93
Passion for Justice, Martha Minow & Elizabeth
V. Spelman, 10 Cardozo L. Rev. 37 (1988) 95
Notes 103
B. Collaborative or "Bureaucratic" Writing 103
Foreword--Law Clerks: For Better or Worse?, J.
Daniel Mahoney, 54 Brook. L. Rev. 321 (1988) 104
The Use and Abuse of Humanistic Theory in Law:
Reexamining the Assumptions of Interdisciplinary Legal
Scholarship, Charles W. Collier, 41 Duke L.J. 191 (1991)
105
C. The Opinion Drafting Process 107
Foreword--Law Clerks: For Better or Worse?, J.
Daniel Mahoney, 54 Brook. L. Rev. 321 (1988) 107
D. Public Perception 110
Parker v. Connors Steel Company, 855 F.2d 1510
(11th Cir. 1988) 110
Notes 114
E. The Elements of An Effective Opinion 115
Note: Concerned Readers a/k/a Lawyers, Law Students,
and Legal Scholars, Plaintiffs/Petitioners vs. Judicial
Opinion Writers a/k/a Judges and Judicial Clerks,
Defendants/Respondents, No. 90-00001, University of
Michigan Law School Journal of Law Reform Division, Argued
October 30, 1989, Decided May 1, 1990 115
Notes 124
F. The Elements of Less Effective Opinion 124
United States v. DiFrancesco, 449 U.S. 117 (1980)
124
Notes 136
G. Humor in Judicial Opinions 136
Denny v. Radar Industries, Inc., 184 N.W.2d 289
(Mich. Ct. App. 1971) 136
Note 136
H. Writing by Committee: Clerks and Central Staff 137
Note 138
Exercises 139
Selected Bibliography 139
Chapter Four--The Judge as Docket
Manager in an Adversarial System
A. Regulating Civil Discovery 144
1. Sample Document Request 144
Notes 146
2. Civil Discovery Reform in the 1990s 146
a. The Federal System 146
Rule 26. General Provisions Governing Discovery; Duty
of Disclosure 147
Notes 147
b. The State System 149
Arizona Revised Statutes, Rule 26. General Provisions
Governing Discovery; Rule 26.1 Prompt Disclosure of
Information 149
Notes
B. Rocket Docket: Management vs. Litigants' Rights 153
Martel v. County of Los Angeles, 21 F.3d 940 (9th
Cir. 1994) 153
C. Settlement Conferences 159
Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 16 159
Note 161
D. Arbitration 162
DDI Seamless Cylinder International, Inc. v. General
Fire Extinguisher Corporation, 14 F.3d 1163 (7th Cir.
1994) 162
Notes 168
E. Summary Jury Trials 168
In re NLO, Inc., 5 F.3d 154 (6th Cir. 1993) 168
Notes 174
F. Technology in Docket Management 175
1. A State Court's Technology Plan 175
The Environment of the Idaho Courts in 2005 175
2. A Paperless Trial in Federal Court 178
United States v. Labovitz, No. CR
95-30022-MAP (D. Mass. July 24, 1996) 178
3. A CD-ROM Brief in Federal Court 180
Yukiyo, Ltd. v. Watanabe, 111 F.3d 883 (Fed.
Cir. 1997) 180
Notes 188
G. Managing the Lawyers 183
Judicial Ethics: The Less-Often Asked Questions,
Andrew L. Kaufman, 64 Wash. L. Rev. 851 (1989) 184
Notes 188
H. Managing Trials 189
Exercises 190
Selected Bibliography 191
Chapter Five--Judicial Qualifications,
Selection, and Training
A. Qualifications 196
1. Non-Attorney Judges 196
2. A Judicial Resume 197
Note 199
Page's Ohio Revised Code Annotated
_ 2301.01 Courts of common pleas 200
_ 2301.02 Qualifications and term of judge,
jurisdiction 200
_ 2503.01 Judges of supreme court 200
Notes 200
B. Selection and Election 201
Comment, Rethinking Judicial Elections, Kurt E.
Scheuerman, 72 Or. L. Rev. 459 (1993) 201
Notes 215
C. Appointment 216
Newman v. Voinovich, 986 F.2d 159 (6th Cir. 1993)
216
Notes 221
D. The Results of the Judicial Selection Processes 222
Demographic Portrait of the Federal Judiciary 222
Women Judges Currently Serving on State Courts of Last
Resort and Intermediate Appellate Courts 224
African-American Judges Currently Serving on State Courts
of Last Resort and Intermediate Appellate Courts 224
Notes 225
E. Education and Training 225
Exercises 227
Selected Bibliography 228
Chapter Six--Judicial Ethics
A. Roots of Regulating Judicial Conduct 232
ABA Model Code of Judicial Conduct 232
B. Recusal: A Reasonable Question of Impartiality 233
28 U.S.C. _ 4554. Disqualification of justice, judge, or
magistrate 233
United States v. Murphy, 768 F.2d 1518 (7th Cir.
1985) 234
Notes 244
In re Complainant as to the Conduct of The Honorable
Ronald D. Schenck, 870 P.2d 185 (Or. 1994) 245
Notes 257
Exercises 257
Selected Bibliography 258
Chapter Seven--Jurisprudence: Legal
Philosophy in Action
A. Theories of Statutory Construction 262
Uniform Statute and Rule Construction Act (1993) 262
Commentary to Section 19 264
Exercises 266
B. Judicial Philosophy in Criminal Sentencing 266
Mistretta v. United States, 488 U.S. 361 (1989)
267
Note 275
The Sentencing Reform Act of 1984: A Practical
Appraisal, Stanley A. Weigel, 36 UCLA L. Rev. 83 (1988)
275
Notes 288
Exercises 288
Selected Bibliography 290
Worldwide
Leadership
